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| − | Źródło: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hont-P%C3%A1zm%C3%A1ny Hont-Pázmány]
| + | #PATRZ [[Hont-Pázmány (ród)]] |
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| − | {| align=right style="margin: 0 0 0 0; text-align: center; border:1px solid #aaaaaa; font-size: 85%; width: 250px;" class=box
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| − | {{Rodzina Infobox
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| − | |rodzina = Hont-Pázmány
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| − | |herb = Coa Hungary Clan Hont-Pázmány.svg
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| − | |kraj = [[Duchy of Swabia]]<br/>[[Królestwo Węgier]]
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| − | |tytuły = [[Hont County]], [[Esztergom County]]
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| − | |założyciel = Hont and Pázmány (brothers)
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| − | |ostatni władca =
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| − | |obecny władca =
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| − | |rok założenia = c. 983
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| − | |rok rozwiązania =
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| − | |rok złożenia z funkcji =
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| − | |etniczność = szwabsko-węgierskie
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| − | |ród =
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| − | |gniazda =
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| − | |gałęzie = House of Bozóky<br />House of Bényi<br />House of Csalomjai<br />House of Födémási<br />[[House of Forgách]]<br />House of Szegi<br />House of Garadnai-Pogány<br />[[Szentgyörgyi|House of Szentgyörgyi]]<br />House of Czibak<br />House of Ujhelyi<br />House of Pázmány<br />House of Besztercei
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| − | [[Plik:Coa Hungary Clan Hont-Pázmány.svg|thumb|left|250px|A Hont-Pázmány nemzetség címere]]
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| − | '''Hont-Pázmány (Hunt-Poznan)''' was the name of a ''[[gens]]'' ("clan") in the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. The ''[[Gesta Hungarorum]]'' ("Deeds of the Hungarians") mentions that the ancestors of the family, the brothers Hont (Hunt)<ref name=Gesta/> and Pázmány (Pazman),<ref name=Gesta/> originally from the [[Duchy of Swabia]] in the [[Holy Roman Empire]], arrived in the late 10th century to the court of Grand Prince [[Géza, Grand Prince of the Hungarians|Géza of the Magyars]]:
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| − | <blockquote>The next arrivals were Hunt and Pazman, two half-brothers, courageous knights of Swabian origin. These two and their retainers had been journeying through Hungary with the intention of passing over the sea when they were detained by Duke Géza, and finally they girded King Stephen with the sword of knighthood at the river Hron, after the German custom.<ref name=Gesta>{{cite book| last1=[[Simon of Kéza]] |last2=edited and translated by László Veszprémy and Frank Schaer |title=The Deeds of the Hungarians |publisher=Central European University Press |year=1999 |page=163 |quote=Post hæc venit Hunt et Pazman, duo fratres carnales, milites coridati orti de Svevia. Hi enim passagium per Hungariam cum suis militibus facientes ultra mare ire intendebant. Qui detenti per ducem Geicham, tandem sanctum regem Stephanum in flumine Goron Teutonico more gladio militari accinxerunt. |isbn=963-9116-31-9}}</ref></blockquote>
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| − | The clan ''Hontpaznan'' was mentioned for the first time in 1226 in a charter. Several prominent families of the kingdom (''e.g.'', [[Szentgyörgyi]] and [[Forgách]]) descended from the ''gens''.
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| − | ==The branches of the clan==
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| − | By the 13th century, the clan divided into 12 branches:
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| − | *the branch of [[Bzovík|Bozók]] held possessions in [[Hont County]] and they had two castles;
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| − | *the possessions of the branch of [[Ipeľské Úľany|Födémes]] (now ''Ipeľské Úľany'') were located in Hont and [[Borsod]] counties and their castle in Borsod County was built without royal authorization and therefore, it was demolished in 1298;
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| − | *the members of the branch of [[Bíňa|Bény]] owned lands in Hont and [[Nyitra county|Nyitra]] counties and they held three castles;
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| − | *the branch of [[Malá Čalomija|Csalomja]] (today ''Malá Čalomija'') held possessions in Hont county;
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| − | *the lands of the members of the branch of [[Jelenec|Gímes]] (now ''Jelenec'') were located in Nitra County and they had a castle built there;
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| − | *the branch of Szeg possessed lands in Nitra County;
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| − | *the members of the branch of [[Svätý Jur|Szentgyörgy]] and [[Bernolákovo|Cseklész]] (today ''Bernolákovo'') held possessions in Prešporok County and they had three castles by the end of the 13th century;
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| − | *the possessions of the branch Pogány of Garadna were located in [[Trencsén County|Trencsén county]];
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| − | *the members of the branch of Újhely owned lands in [[Bihar County]] where they had a castle built;
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| − | *the branch Pázmány of Panasz held possessions in Bihar County;
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| − | *the members of the branch of Beszterce owned lands in Bihar County;
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| − | *the possessions of the branch of Czibak-Batthyányi were also located in Bihar County.
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| − | ==Notable members of the clan==
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| − | The first notable members of the clan were the brothers '''Hont''' and '''Pázmány''' who assisted Géza's son, the future King [[Stephen I of Hungary]] against his relative, the pagan [[Koppány]] who claimed for Géza's inheritance. The deed of foundation of the [[Pannonhalma Archabbey]] (issued in 1001) referred to both brothers as the king's military leaders ''(duces)''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Kristó | first = Gyula (editor) | title = Az államalapítás korának írott forrásai ''(The written sources of the age of the foundation of the state)'' | publisher = Szegedi Középkortörténeti Könyvtár | year = 1999 | location = Szeged | pages = 37–41 | isbn = 963-482-393-9}}</ref> The brothers were granted possessions on the north-western parts of the kingdom (primarily in present-day [[Slovakia]]). [[Hont County]] was named after one of them.
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| − | '''Lampert from the kindred Hont-Pázmány''' (?–1132) founded the Abbey of Bozók. His first wife was the sister of King [[Ladislaus I of Hungary]]. He held about 30 possessions and thus he was one of the wealthiest landowners of the kingdom. In 1124, he took part in the campaign of King [[Stephen II of Hungary]] against [[Dalmatia]]. Lampert was murdered by the followers of King [[Béla II of Hungary|Béla II the Blind]], because he was suspected of supporting [[Boris Kalamanos]]'s claim to the throne.
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| − | Around 1201, '''[[Martin Hont-Pázmány|Martin from the kindred Hont-Pázmány]]''' (?–1236/1245) held the office of count ''(comes)'' at the court of the future King [[Andrew II of Hungary]], and served as the [[Ban of Croatia and Dalmatia]]. In 1202 and between 1212-1213, Martin was the [[Ban of Slavonia]] and he was styled Ban also in 1224 and 1234. In 1214, he held the office of [[judge royal]] ''(országbíró)''. He founded the Abbey of [[Ipolyság]] (today ''Šahy'' in Slovakia).
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| − | '''[[Achilles from the kindred Hont-Pázmány]]''' (''b.'' 1210–1252) was [[bishop of Pécs]] between 1251 and 1252.
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| − | '''Lampert from the kindred Hont-Pázmány''' (of the branch of Csalomja) was [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Eger|bishop of Eger]] from 1247 to 1275.
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| − | ==Alternate theory on their origin==
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| − | [[File:Hunt lovag.jpg|thumb|left|200px|alt=Hont|[[Hont-Pázmány#Notable members of the clan|Hont]]{{spaced ndash}}a [[Duchy of Swabia|Swabian]] knight, according to medieval chronicles, a "Slovak nobleman", according to Slovak historians{{spaced ndash}}depicted in the ''[[Chronicon Pictum]]'']]
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| − | Some modern authors suggest that the clan Hont-Poznany was formed by intermarriages of two separate families, the Hunts and the Poznans ("Pázmánys", "Posnans") when the latter's male line died out in the mid-12th century. They claim that the ancestors both of the two families were already nobles at the time of [[Great Moravia]] and preserved their possessions after the incorporation of their territories into the arising Hungarian state.<ref name='lukacka'>{{cite book | last = Lukačka | first = Ján | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Formovanie vyššej šľachty na západnom Slovensku | publisher = Minor | year = 2002 | location = Bratislava | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Lukačka|first=Ján|title=K otázke etnického pôvodu veľmožského rodu Hont-Poznanovcov|url=http://www.forumhistoriae.sk/FH2_2010/texty_2_2010/lukacka.pdf|work=Forum historiae|publisher=Forum historiae, SAV|accessdate=2010}}</ref> The theory suggests that they kept their Christian faith during the 10th century and its followers claim that the foundation deed of the Benedictine monastery of Bzovík proves that hereditary estates from the time before the arrival of the Magyars prevailed in the Hunts' property. The Pázmánys oversaw the [[Zobor Abbey|Benedictine monastery]] below [[Zobor]] hill near [[Nitra]] and became its secular patrons. According to the theory, the seat of the Hunt family was the Hont castle and they ruled in the Central Ipeľ region in today's southern Slovakia, while the Pázmánys ruled in the region of today's north western Slovakia in the 10th century. Both families acknowledged the sovereignty of Michael of the [[Árpáds|House of Árpád]] and thus they became nobles at his court in [[Nitra]]. After Michael's death, the new ruler, [[Stephen I of Hungary|Vajk (Stephen I)]] and the local nobility, spearheaded by the Pázmány and Hunt houses, developed very close personal ties and while fighting the [[Koppány]] rebellion in 997, Stephen took shelter with Pázmány and Hunt ("Poznano" and "Cuntio"); they in turn added their troops to the retinue of Stephen's [[Bavaria]]n wife Giselle. The united forces then defeated Koppány, making Stephen the sole ruler of the emerging Hungarian state. In the 11th and 12th century the Hunts owned estates mainly in the county of Hont and along the Ipeľ river. By the 11th and 12th centuries the Pázmáns' estates were mainly in the valley of the Nitra river. According to the alternate theory, the Pázmáns' male line died out in the mid-12th century; allied by marriage to the Hunts, the line became "Hont-Pázmány".
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| − | The oldest genealogic data about the Poznans are preserved in the [[Zobor charters]] (1111-1113). The charters contain names at least of fourth nobles from the Poznan family - Una, Bacha (Bača) and two sons of Bukven - Deda (Dedo) and Caca (Kačä). The high number of Slavic names in the Hunt-Poznan family is obvious until the 14th century (Stojslav, Vlk, Držislav, etc.). The character of their hereditary property also indicates pre-Hungarian origin{{efn|The property of Honts and Poznans was at the beginning clearly separated and both clans also used a completely different system of significant names. This contradicts theory that they were brothers. The domain of the Poznans was in the south-western Slovakia with highest density of properties in Ponitrie. The original hereditary property of the Hunts was nearly exclusively located in [[Hont County|Hont]], Malohont and [[Nógrád County (former)|Nógrád]]. The charter of the Abbey of Bzovice (1135) contains valuable information about Hunts's early property, because it strictly differentiates between property dedicated by the first Hungarian kings, property bought later and those "inherited from ancestors". (Lukačka, 2010) The fact that later Hunt-Poznans held numerous property also in the other parts in the kingdom is already taken into account.}}{{sfn|Lukačka|2010}} Naturally, those who belonged to the royal court or obtained property in Hungarian ethnic territories self-identified with the majority population in the area.
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| − | ==Notes==
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| − | {{notelist}}
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| − | ==Sources==
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| − | *Fügedi, Erik: Ispánok, bárók, kiskirályok - a középkori magyar arisztokrácia fejlődése ''(Counts, Barons and Petty Kings - The Development of the Hungarian Medieval Aristocracy)''; Magvető Könyvkiadó, 1986, Budapest; {{ISBN|963-14-0582-6}}.
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| − | *Kristó, Gyula (editor): Korai Magyar Történeti Lexikon - 9-14. század ''(Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History - 9-14th centuries)''; Akadémiai Kiadó, 1994, Budapest; {{ISBN|963-05-6722-9}}.
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| − | *Kristó, Gyula: Néhány megjegyzés a magyar nemzetségekről ''(Some remarks on the Hungarian clans)'', ''in:'' Tanulmányok az Árpád-korról, ''pp.'' 26-50. ''(Studies on the Age of the Árpáds)''; Magvető Könyvkiadó, 1983, Budapest; {{ISBN|963-271-890-9}}.
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| − | *Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig - Életrajzi Lexikon ''(The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days - A Biographical Encyclopedia)''; Magyar Könyvklub, 2000, Budapest; {{ISBN|963-547-085-1}}.
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| − | *Ján Lukačka: Beginnings of the formation of Aristocracy on the territory of Slovakia (available [http://www.angelfire.com/tx5/texasczech/Slav%20Origins/Aristocracy.htm online])
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| − | * {{cite journal | title = K otázke etnického pôvodu Hunt-Poznanovcov | trans-title = On the Ethnic Origin of the Magnate Clan Hont-Poznan | last = Lukačka | first = Ján | journal = Forum Historiae | year = 2010 | volume = 4 | issue = 2 | publisher = Historical institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences | language = Slovak | issn=1337-6861 | url = http://forumhistoriae.sk/-/k-otazke-etnickeho-povodu-velmozskeho-rodu-hont-poznanovcov |ref=harv}}
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| − | *Lukačka, Ján. 2002. ''Formovanie vyššej šľachty na západnom Slovensku''.
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| − | *Ján Steinhübel: ''Nitrianske kniežatstvo'' [Nitrian principality], Veda, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied + Vydavateľstvo Rak, 2004, Bratislava [with several further Slovak and Hungarian genealogy and other references listed in the book]
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| − | *''Hunt-Pázmán'' in: ''Slovakia and the Slovaks - A concise encyclopaedia'', Encyklopedical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 1994
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| − | ==References==
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| − | {{reflist}}
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| − | {{Noble kindreds in the Kingdom of Hungary}}
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| − | {{SORTUJ:Hontpázmány}}
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| − | [[Kategoria:Ród Hontpázmány]]
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| − | [[Kategoria:Rodziny]]
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| − | [[Kategoria:Węgierskie historyczne rody]]
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| − | [[Kategoria:Nieprzetłumaczone]] | |
