|
|
| (Nie pokazano 7 pośrednich wersji utworzonych przez tego samego użytkownika) |
| Linia 1: |
Linia 1: |
| − | {{refimprove|date=November 2012}}
| + | #PATRZ [[Zárai béke]] |
| − | [[File:Peace-treaty of Zadar 1358.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Copy of Peace-treaty of Zadar on the wall of St. Francis Church.]] | |
| − | The '''Treaty of Zadar''', also known as the '''Treaty of Zara''', was a [[peace treaty]] signed in [[Zadar]], [[Dalmatia]] on February 18, 1358 by which the [[Venetian Republic]] lost influence over its Dalmatian holdings. The Treaty of Zadar ended hostilities between [[Louis I of Hungary]]/[[Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526)|Croatia]] and the [[Republic of Venice]], who were contesting control of a series of territories along the eastern [[Adriatic]] coastline in present-day [[Croatia]].
| |
| | | | |
| − | ==Background==
| + | [[Kategoria:Przekierowane]] |
| − | In 1301, the [[Árpád dynasty]] was dissolved and, following a brief interlude, was replaced by the [[Capetian House of Anjou|Angevin dynasty]] as the rulers of Hungary and [[Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526)|Croatia]]. The first Angevin king was [[Charles I of Hungary|Charles Robert]], who ruled from 1312 to 1342. He was supported by the most powerful Croatian nobleman [[Paul I Šubić of Bribir|Pavao Šubić]], [[House of Šubić|Prince of Bribir]] and [[Ban (title)|Ban (viceroy)]] of [[Kingdom of Croatia (medieval)|Croatia]], ruler of the coastal cities of Split, Trogir, and Šibenik. Pavao became the [[Ban of Croatia]], conferring on him many of the powers of a monarch including minting coinage, conferring charters on cities and levying annual taxes on them.
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[File:Street of Peace of Zadar 1358.JPG|thumb|left|180px|Peace of Zadar 1358 Street.]]
| |
| − | Pavao's actions led to a revolt among the Croatian nobility, who successfully reached out to King Charles to help them remove Pavao. In exchange for his aide, however, the Croatian nobility was forced to declare their direct allegiance to the Hungarian monarchy, setting the stage for Hungarian attempts to expel the Venetian Republic from the Croatian coastline.<ref>Goldstein, I:" Croatia; A History", page 27. Hurst & Company,London,1999.</ref> While the other cities in the Dalmatian region were suffering from tug of war between the Venetians and the Hungarians and Croatians, [[Dubrovnik]], which was held by Venice, was growing into an economic power house by exploiting its position between the west and the mineral-rich kingdoms of Serbia and Bosnia, as well as Dubrovnik's broader location between Europe and the Levant.<ref>Tanner, M: "Croatia; A nation forged in war",page 25. Yale University Press, 1997.</ref>
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[File:Zadar Treaty 1358.png|thumbnail|300px|'''Zadar Treaty'''<br />{{legend|#E28E5A|[[Kingdom of Hungary]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#FFA366|[[Kingdom of Croatia (1102–1526)|Kingdom of Croatia]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#FFCDAC|[[Banate of Bosnia]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#68C0D5|[[Duchy of Austria]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#F7C600|[[Patriarchate of Aquileia]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#AFC94B|[[Venetian Republic]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#87CDDE|[[Republic of Ragusa]]}}
| |
| − | {{legend|#FFE064|[[Serbian Empire]]}}]]In the 1350s King Louis I was able to assemble a force of 50,000 men by joining his forces with reinforcements sent by the [[Duke of Austria]], the [[Meinhardiner|Counts]] of [[Gorizia]], the Lord of Padua, [[Francesco I da Carrara]], and the [[Patriarchate of Aquileia (state)|Patriarchate of Aquileia]], a state within the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. In 1356, the coalition besieged the Venetians at [[Asolo]], [[Conegliano]], [[Vittorio Veneto|Ceneda]] and the stronghold of [[Treviso]]. At the same time, along the Dalmatian coast, the army had attacked the Croatian cities of [[Zadar]], [[Trogir]], [[Split (city)|Split]] and [[Dubrovnik]], as well as other smaller towns that surrendered fairly quickly.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Broken by a series of military reversals suffered in the territory under their control, the Venetians resigned themselves to the unfavorable conditions stipulated in the Treaty of Zadar, which was signed in the eponymous city on February 18, 1358.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==Consequences==
| |
| − | The treaty was signed in the [[Monastery of St. Francis Assisi (Zadar)|Closter of Monastery of St. Francis]] and based on the terms of the agreement, the [[Dubrovnik]] region and Zadar came under the rule of the King of [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungary]]<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/348730/Louis-I Lous I] on Britannica Encyclopedia</ref><ref>[http://www.answers.com/topic/louis-i Louis I] on Answers.com</ref> and Croatia. It marked the rise of the [[Republic of Ragusa]] as an independent and successful state. The same cannot be said for Zadar since it was later sold back to Venice by [[Ladislaus of Naples]].<ref name=Ayton2005>{{Citation
| |
| − | | last = Ayton | first = Andrew
| |
| − | | year = 2005
| |
| − | | title = The Realm of St. Stephen. A History of Medieval Hungary, 895 – 1526, pg. 162-163
| |
| − | | isbn = 1-85043-977-X
| |
| − | | publisher = Tauris
| |
| − | | location = London
| |
| − | }}</ref>
| |
| − | | |
| − | As a result of the peace treaty, Venice had to give all its possessions in Dalmatia to the King, from the [[Kvarner]] to the [[Bay of Kotor]], but could keep the [[Istrian]] coast and the [[Treviso]] region. It was also forced to cancel, in the title of its doge, any reference to Dalmatia. However, the treaty preserved Venice's naval predominance in the [[Adriatic Sea]] as the King Louis accepted not to build a fleet of his own.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Louis and his army triumphantly entered Zadar in 1358 by granting extensive privileges to the nobility of Zadar and erecting the city capital of Dalmatia.
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==See also==
| |
| − | *[[List of treaties]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | ==References==
| |
| − | <references/>
| |
| − | | |
| − | == External links ==
| |
| − | *{{hr icon}} [http://www.zadarskilist.hr/clanci/07072008/kako-je-i-zasto-ladislav-prodao-dalmaciju Zadarski list] Kako je i zašto Ladislav prodao Dalmaciju, June 7, 2008
| |
| − | {{Treaties of Hungary}}
| |
| − | {{Wars and battles involving Croatia|state=collapse}}
| |
| − | | |
| − | {{DEFAULTSORT:Treaty Of Zadar}}
| |
| − | [[Category:Peace treaties of Croatia|Zadar]]
| |
| − | [[Category:14th century in Croatia]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Wars involving medieval Croatia]]
| |
| − | [[Category:History of Zadar]]
| |
| − | [[Category:1350s treaties|Zadar]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Treaties of the Republic of Venice]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Peace treaties of Hungary|Zadar]]
| |
| − | [[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1918)]]
| |
| − | [[Category:History of Dalmatia]]
| |
| − | [[Category:1358 in Europe]]
| |
| − | [[Category:14th century in the Republic of Venice]]
| |
| − | [[Category:14th-century military history of Croatia]]
| |
| − | | |
| − | [[Kategoria:nieprzetłumaczone]] | |
