Speyeri szerződés: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami

Z Felczak story
Przejdź do nawigacji Przejdź do wyszukiwania
Linia 18: Linia 18:
  
  
==Transylvania before the Treaty of Speyer==
+
== Transylwania przed traktatem w Spirze ==
  
Unlike the autonomous [[Croatia in union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]], medieval Transylvania was not a separate Land of the [[Holy Crown of Hungary]], it was simply an administratively distinct<ref>{{cite book|author=[[Carlile Aylmer Macartney]]|title=Hungary: From Ninth Century Origins to the 1956 Uprising|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]|year=2008|page=23|isbn=9780202366654|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjInqy_sxisC&pg=PA23&dq=%22Unlike+Croatia,+however,+Transylvania+was+not+a+separate+Land+of+the+Hungarian+Crown,+but+simply+an+administratively+distinct+part+of+the+kingdom+of+Hungary.%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Unlike%20Croatia%2C%20however%2C%20Transylvania%20was%20not%20a%20separate%20Land%20of%20the%20Hungarian%20Crown%2C%20but%20simply%20an%20administratively%20distinct%20part%20of%20the%20kingdom%20of%20Hungary.%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514103056/https://books.google.com/books?id=kjInqy_sxisC&pg=PA23&dq=%22Unlike+Croatia,+however,+Transylvania+was+not+a+separate+Land+of+the+Hungarian+Crown,+but+simply+an+administratively+distinct+part+of+the+kingdom+of+Hungary.%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Unlike%20Croatia%2C%20however%2C%20Transylvania%20was%20not%20a%20separate%20Land%20of%20the%20Hungarian%20Crown%2C%20but%20simply%20an%20administratively%20distinct%20part%20of%20the%20kingdom%20of%20Hungary.%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>, and an integral part<ref>{{cite book|author=Felicia Rosu|title=Elective Monarchy in Transylvania and Poland-Lithuania, 1569-1587|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2017|page=24|isbn=9780192506436|url=https://books.google.com/books?dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&hl=en&id=Y_pADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514102659/https://books.google.com/books?dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&hl=en&id=Y_pADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=[[Rogers Brubaker]]|author2=Margit Feischmidt|author3=Jon Fox|author4=Liana Grancea|title=Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|year=2018|page=57|isbn=9780880334792|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n_1ZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&source=bl&ots=XoGMkPvfb0&sig=ACfU3U2FtJtvoX5yrFfOxyi3jeMic90dPQ&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514102844/https://books.google.com/books?id=n_1ZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&source=bl&ots=XoGMkPvfb0&sig=ACfU3U2FtJtvoX5yrFfOxyi3jeMic90dPQ&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref> of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.
+
W przeciwieństwie do autonomicznego Królestwa Chorwacji, średniowieczna Siedmiogród nie była odrębną ziemią Świętej Korony Węgier, była po prostu odrębną administracyjnie [1] i integralną częścią [2] [3] średniowiecznego Królestwa Węgier.
 +
 
 +
Unlike the autonomous [[Croatia in union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]], medieval Transylvania was not a separate Land of the [[Holy Crown of Hungary]], it was simply an administratively distinct<ref>{{cite book|author=[[Carlile Aylmer Macartney]]|title=Hungary: From Ninth Century Origins to the 1956 Uprising|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]|year=2008|page=23|isbn=9780202366654|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjInqy_sxisC&pg=PA23&dq=%22Unlike+Croatia,+however,+Transylvania+was+not+a+separate+Land+of+the+Hungarian+Crown,+but+simply+an+administratively+distinct+part+of+the+kingdom+of+Hungary.%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Unlike%20Croatia%2C%20however%2C%20Transylvania%20was%20not%20a%20separate%20Land%20of%20the%20Hungarian%20Crown%2C%20but%20simply%20an%20administratively%20distinct%20part%20of%20the%20kingdom%20of%20Hungary.%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514103056/https://books.google.com/books?id=kjInqy_sxisC&pg=PA23&dq=%22Unlike+Croatia,+however,+Transylvania+was+not+a+separate+Land+of+the+Hungarian+Crown,+but+simply+an+administratively+distinct+part+of+the+kingdom+of+Hungary.%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Unlike%20Croatia%2C%20however%2C%20Transylvania%20was%20not%20a%20separate%20Land%20of%20the%20Hungarian%20Crown%2C%20but%20simply%20an%20administratively%20distinct%20part%20of%20the%20kingdom%20of%20Hungary.%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>, and an integral part<ref>{{cite book|author=Felicia Rosu|title=Elective Monarchy in Transylvania and Poland-Lithuania, 1569-1587|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2017|page=24|isbn=9780192506436|url=https://books.google.com/books?dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&hl=en&id=Y_pADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514102659/https://books.google.com/books?dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&hl=en&id=Y_pADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=[[Rogers Brubaker]]|author2=Margit Feischmidt|author3=Jon Fox|author4=Liana Grancea|title=Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|year=2018|page=57|isbn=9780880334792|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n_1ZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&source=bl&ots=XoGMkPvfb0&sig=ACfU3U2FtJtvoX5yrFfOxyi3jeMic90dPQ&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200514102844/https://books.google.com/books?id=n_1ZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&source=bl&ots=XoGMkPvfb0&sig=ACfU3U2FtJtvoX5yrFfOxyi3jeMic90dPQ&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-05-14}}</ref> of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.
  
 
== Status Transylwanii po traktacie ==
 
== Status Transylwanii po traktacie ==

Wersja z 10:10, 24 gru 2020

The Treaty of Speyer, signed at the Diet of Speyer in 1570, was a peace agreement between the two Hungarian Kingdoms, Royal Hungary led by Maximilian II, and the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom, ruled by John Sigismund Zápolya.


Transylwania przed traktatem w Spirze

W przeciwieństwie do autonomicznego Królestwa Chorwacji, średniowieczna Siedmiogród nie była odrębną ziemią Świętej Korony Węgier, była po prostu odrębną administracyjnie [1] i integralną częścią [2] [3] średniowiecznego Królestwa Węgier.

Unlike the autonomous Kingdom of Croatia, medieval Transylvania was not a separate Land of the Holy Crown of Hungary, it was simply an administratively distinct[1], and an integral part[2][3] of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.

Status Transylwanii po traktacie

Jan Zygmunt abdykował z tytułu króla Węgier, jednak Maksymilian II uznał władzę Jana Zygmunta za „księcia Siedmiogrodu”, aw zamian Jan Zygmunt przyjął Maksymiliana II na króla Węgier z zwierzchnictwem nad swoim księstwem.

John Sigismund abdicated as King of Hungary, however, Maximilian II recognized John Sigismund's authority as "Prince of Transylvania" and, in return, John Sigismund accepted Maximilian II as King of Hungary with suzerainty over his principality.[4]
Plik:Partium1570.PNG
John Sigismund's realm in 1570

John Sigismund został princeps Transsylvaniae et partium regni Hungariae dominus - księciem Siedmiogrodu i części Królestwa Węgier. [5] Zgodnie z traktatem Księstwo Siedmiogrodu nadal było częścią Królestwa Węgier w rozumieniu prawa publicznego [6].

John Sigismund became princeps Transsylvaniae et partium regni Hungariae dominus – Prince of Transylvania and of a part of the Kingdom of Hungary.[5] According to the treaty, the Principality of Transylvania continued to be part of the Kingdom of Hungary in the sense of public law.[6]

Traktat ten, podobnie jak wcześniejszy Układ w Wielkim Waradynie, zatwierdził zasadę zjednoczonych Węgier. Partium i Transylwania zostały powierzone Janowi Sigismundowi Zápolya, jako wasalowi Maksymiliana. Jak wspomniano powyżej, Zápolyowie mieli już Partium, ale teraz Habsburgowie uznali ich panowanie. W pewnym sensie Jan Sigismund zamienił swój królewski tytuł na terytorium.

This treaty, like the earlier Układ w Wielkim Waradynie, endorsed the principle of a united Hungary. Partium and Transylvania were entrusted to John Sigismund Zápolya, as a vassal of Maximilian. As mentioned above, the Zápolyas had already held the Partium, but now the Habsburgs recognized their lordship. In a sense, John Sigismund traded his royal title for territory.

Szablon:Treaties of Hungary

Przypisy

  1. Carlile Aylmer Macartney (2008). Hungary: From Ninth Century Origins to the 1956 Uprising. Transaction Publishers. str. 23. ISBN 9780202366654. https://books.google.com/books?id=kjInqy_sxisC&pg=PA23&dq=%22Unlike+Croatia,+however,+Transylvania+was+not+a+separate+Land+of+the+Hungarian+Crown,+but+simply+an+administratively+distinct+part+of+the+kingdom+of+Hungary.%22&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=%22Unlike%20Croatia%2C%20however%2C%20Transylvania%20was%20not%20a%20separate%20Land%20of%20the%20Hungarian%20Crown%2C%20but%20simply%20an%20administratively%20distinct%20part%20of%20the%20kingdom%20of%20Hungary.%22&f=false. 
  2. Felicia Rosu (2017). Elective Monarchy in Transylvania and Poland-Lithuania, 1569-1587. Oxford University Press. str. 24. ISBN 9780192506436. https://books.google.com/books?dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&hl=en&id=Y_pADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA24&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false. 
  3. Rogers Brubaker; Margit Feischmidt; Jon Fox; Liana Grancea (2018). Nationalist Politics and Everyday Ethnicity in a Transylvanian Town. Princeton University Press. str. 57. ISBN 9780880334792. https://books.google.com/books?id=n_1ZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA63&lpg=PA63&dq=transylvania+%22integral+part%22&source=bl&ots=XoGMkPvfb0&sig=ACfU3U2FtJtvoX5yrFfOxyi3jeMic90dPQ&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=transylvania%20%22integral%20part%22&f=false. 
  4. Andrew Pettegree, The Reformation World, Routledge, 2000, p. 192
  5. István Keul, Early modern religious communities in East-Central Europe: ethnic diversity, denominational plurality, and corporative politics in the principality of Transylvania (1526–1691), BRILL, 2009, p. 61
  6. Anthony Endrey, The Holy Crown of Hungary, Hungarian Institute, 1978, p. 70