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Źródło: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banate_of_Severin Banate of Severin]
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#PATRZ [[Szörényi Bánság]]
  
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{{Infobox Former Subdivision
 
|native_name            = ''Szörényi bánság''<br>''Banatul Severinului''<br>Северинска бановина
 
|conventional_long_name = Banate of Severin
 
|common_name            = Banate of Severin
 
|subdivision            = [[Ban (title)|banate]]
 
|nation                = [[Kingdom of Hungary]]
 
|p1                    =
 
|image_p1              =
 
|s1                    = Wallachia
 
|image_s1              = [[File:Stema Tarii Romanesti II.jpg|x30px|link=Wallachia]]
 
|s2                    = Banate of Lugoj and Caransebeș
 
|image_s2              = [[File:Coat of arms of Transylvania.svg|x30px|link=Banate of Lugoj and Caransebeș]]
 
|year_start            = 13th century
 
|event_end              =
 
|year_end              = 16th century
 
|date_end              =
 
|image_coat            =
 
|image_map              = Hungary 13th cent.png
 
|image_map_caption      = Banate of Severin, late 13th century
 
|capital                =
 
|stat_area1            =
 
|stat_pop1              =
 
|stat_year1            =
 
|category              =
 
|today                  = Rumunia
 
|footnotes              =
 
}}
 
|}
 
 
 
[[File:Banate of severin.png|right|thumb|250px|Map of the Banate of Severin]]
 
The '''Banate of Severin''' or '''Banate of Szörény''' ({{lang-hu|szörényi bánság}}; {{lang-ro|Banatul Severinului}}; {{lang-la|Banatus Zewrinensis}}; {{lang-bg| Северинско банство}}, {{lang|bg-Latn|Severinsko banstvo}}; {{lang-sr|Северинска бановина}}, {{lang|sr-Latn|Severinska banovina}}) was a Hungarian political, military and administrative unit with a special role in initially anti-Bulgarian, latterly anti-Ottoman defensive system of the medieval [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. It was founded by [[Béla IV of Hungary|Prince Béla]] in 1228.
 
 
 
== History ==
 
 
 
[[Kaloyan of Bulgaria]] occupied the region between the rivers [[Cerna (Danube)|Cerna]] and the Olt around 1199.{{sfn|Madgearu|2017|p=207}} The Kingdom of Hungary was also expanding over the Carpathian Mountains in the early 13th century, which gave rise to conflicts between the two countries.{{sfn|Makkai|1994a|p=657}}{{sfn|Curta|2006|pp=405–406}} The Cuman tribes dwelling to the east of the Olt as far as the river [[Siret (river)|Siret]] agreed to pay a yearly tribute to the kings of Hungary in early 1227.{{sfn|Engel|2001|p=95}} The Hungarians captured the Bulgarian fortress of Severin during a military campaign against Bulgaria in 1231.{{sfn|Madgearu|2017|p=206}}
 
 
 
After the 1526 [[Battle of Mohács]], the Banate of Severin was divided. South-eastern part (eastwards from Varcsaró - Vârciorova, today part of [[Bolvașnița]]) came under the jurisdiction of Wallachian princes and in the north-western part (westwards from Orsova - present-day [[Orșova]] - inclusive) was gradually reorganized into the [[Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes]].
 
 
 
== Bans of Severin ==
 
 
 
{{Empty section|date=January 2018}}
 
 
 
== Lista banów ==
 
 
 
=== Trzynasty wiek ===
 
 
 
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 70%"
 
|-
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Term
 
! scope="col" width="17%" | Incumbent
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Monarch
 
! scope="col" width="33%" | Notes
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1226–{{circa}} 1232
 
| [[Hahót II. Buzád]]
 
| [[II. András]]
 
| He styled himself "former ban" in 1233. His close relationship with II. András's son, [[IV. Béla]], [[Duke of Transylvania]], suggests that he was the ban of Severin (instead of being the [[ban of Slavonia]]).
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1233
 
| [[Lucas I. Péc]]
 
| [[II. András]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1235
 
| [[Szák Pósa]]
 
| [[IV. Béla]]
 
| Also [[Master of the treasury]] and ''[[ispán]]'' (or head) of [[Bács County]]
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1240
 
| [[Osl Osl]]
 
| [[IV. Béla]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1243
 
| [[Csák István]]
 
| [[IV. Béla]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1260
 
| Lawrence, syn Kemény'a
 
| [[IV. Béla]]
 
| Pierszy raz.
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1262
 
| István
 
| [[IV. Béla]]
 
| He is only mentioned in a non-authentic charter.
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1263
 
| Lawrence
 
| [[V. István]] (młody król)
 
| Also [[Master of the treasury]] of Stephen V.
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1268
 
| Sándor, syn Druga
 
| [[V. István]] (młody król)
 
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1268
 
| [[Csák III. Ugrin]]
 
| [[V. István]] (młody król)
 
| Pierwszy raz. 
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1270
 
| Lawrence, syn Kemény'a
 
| [[V. István]]
 
| Drugi raz. Also ''ispán'' of [[Doboka County]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| {{circa}} 1270
 
| Panyit Miskolc ??
 
| [[V. István]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1271–1272
 
| Lawrence, syn Kemény'a
 
| [[V. István]]
 
| Third rule. Also ''ispán'' of [[Doboka County]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1272
 
| [[Ákos Albert]]
 
| [[V. István]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1272–1274
 
| [[Gutkeled Pál]]
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| First rule. Also ''ispán'' of [[Valkó County|Valkó]] and [[Doboka County|Doboka Counties]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1274–1275
 
| [[Csák III. Ugrin]]
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| Drugi raz.
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1275
 
| [[Gutkeled Pál]]
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| Drugi raz.
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1275–1276
 
| [[Kökényes-Radnót II. Mikod]]
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1276
 
| [[Csák III. Ugrin]]
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| Trzeci raz.
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1277–1278
 
| [[Gutkeled Pál]] (?)
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| Jest wymieniony tylko w nieautentycznych kartach. Trzeci raz rule.
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1279
 
| Lawrence, syn Kemény'a
 
| [[IV. László]]
 
| Pierwszy raz.
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1291
 
| Lawrence, syn Kemény'a
 
| [[III. András]]
 
| Drugi raz, but he may have continuously held the office from 1279 to 1291
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1299-1307
 
| [[Tárnok András]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|}
 
 
 
=== Czternasty wiek ===
 
 
 
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 70%"
 
|-
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Term
 
! scope="col" width="17%" | Incumbent
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Monarch
 
! scope="col" width="33%" | Notes
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1308-1313
 
| [[Tárnok András]]<br>[[Tárnok Márton]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1314-1318
 
| [[Csornai Domokos]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1319-1323
 
| [[Rátholti László]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 1323-1329
 
| [[Szécsi Dénes]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1324
 
| [[Pál]] ???
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1330-1341
 
| [[Szécsi Dénes]]
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
| 1335–1341
 
| [[Szécsi Dénes]]
 
| [[Charles I]]
 
| Also [[master of the stewards]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1342–1349
 
| [[Losonci I.  István]]
 
| [[Charles I]], [[I. Lajos]]
 
| wcześniej [[przywódca Seklerów]]
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1350–1355
 
| [[Szécsi I. Miklós]]
 
| [[I. Lajos]]
 
| Also ''ispán'' of [[Keve County|Keve]] and [[Krassó County|Krassó Counties]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1355–1359
 
| [[Lackfi Dénes]]
 
| [[I. Lajos]]
 
| Also [[Master of the horse (Kingdom of Hungary)|master of the horse]], and ''ispán'' of [[Keve County|Keve]] and [[Krassó County|Krassó Counties]].
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1359–1379
 
| ''Wakat.''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1375–1376
 
| [[Treutel János]]
 
| [[I. Lajos]]
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1376–1387
 
| ''Wakat.''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1387
 
| [[Losonci László]] Jr.
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1387-1388
 
| [[Losonci István]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1388-1390
 
| [[Kaplai-Serkei János]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1390-1391
 
| [[Perényi Miklós]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1392
 
| [[Gerebenci Szemere]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1392-1393
 
| [[Bebek Detre]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1393
 
| [[Szécsi Frank]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1393-1397
 
| wakat
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1397
 
| Lukács of Oszkola
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1393-1408
 
| wakat
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|}
 
 
 
== XV wiek ==
 
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 70%"
 
|-
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Term
 
! scope="col" width="17%" | Incumbent
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Monarch
 
! scope="col" width="33%" | Notes
 
 
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1408-1409
 
| [[Pipo of Ozora]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1409|
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1410
 
| [[Lőrinc, syn Majosa]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1410-1428
 
| ''Wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1428
 
| [[Marcali Imre]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1430-1435
 
| [[Redwitz Miklós]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1429-1435|
 
| wakat
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1435
 
| [[Hagymás László]] z Beregszó and [Dancs János]] of Macedonia
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1436-1439
 
| [[Tallóczi Frank]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1439-1446
 
| [[Hunyadi János]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1445-1446
 
| [[Újlaki Miklós]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1447-1454
 
| [[Csornai Mihály]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1449
 
| [[Csornai Balázs]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1452-1454
 
| Dancs Péter z Sebes
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1455-57
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1458
 
| [[Bethlen Vlad]]<br>[[Bethlen Gergely]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1459-1460
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1460
 
| [[Dóczi László]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1462-1463
 
| [[Újlaki Miklós]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1464-1466
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1466
 
| [[Pongrácz János]] of Dengeleg
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1467
 
| wakat
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1467
 
| [[Muthnoki István]]<br>[[Muthnoki Mihály]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1468-1471
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1471-1478
 
| [[Hédervári Imre]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1478
 
| [[Erdő János]]<br>[[Bethlen Domokos]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1478
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1479
 
| [[Török Ambrus]]<br>[[Szenthelsebethi György]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1479
 
| [[Pathócsy Bertalan]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1480-1483
 
| [[Pathócsy Bertalan]]<br>[[Haraszti Ferenc]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1483-1489
 
| [[Haraszti Ferenc]] i [[Szokoly András]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1490
 
| [[Ozorai Imre]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1491
 
| [[Ozorai Imre]]<br>[[Dánfy András]] of Doboz
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1491-1492
 
| [[Haraszti Ferenc]]<br>[[Dánfy András]] of Doboz
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1492
 
| [[Csulai Móré Fülöp]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1492-1494
 
| [[Csulai Móré Fülöp]]<br>[[Balassa Ferenc]]
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
 
 
==XVI wiek ==
 
 
 
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 70%"
 
|-
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Term
 
! scope="col" width="17%" | Incumbent
 
! scope="col" width="9%" | Monarch
 
! scope="col" width="33%" | Notes
 
|-
 
| 1495-1501
 
| [[Macskási Tárnok Péter]]<br>[[Gerlisthey Jakab]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1501
 
| [[Gerlisthey Jakab]]<br>[[Bélai Barnabás]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1502
 
| [[Gerlisthey Jakab]]<br>[[Macskási Tárnok Péter]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1503
 
| [[Bélai Barnabás]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1503
 
| [[Gerlisthey Jakab]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1504-1508
 
| [[Gerlisthey Jakab]]<br>[[Bélai Barnabás]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1508-1513
 
| [[Paksi Mihály]]<br>[[Bélai Barnabás]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1514
 
| [[Bélai Barnabás]]<br>[[János Szapolyai]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1515-1516
 
| [[Hagymási Miklós]] of Berekszó
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1517-1518
 
| ''wakat''
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1519
 
| [[Bélai Barnabás]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1520-1521
 
| [[Gerlisthey Miklós]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1522-1523
 
| [[Kállay János Vitéz]]
 
|
 
|
 
 
 
|-
 
| 1524-1526
 
| [[Kállay János Vitéz]]<br>[[Szapolyai János]]
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
 
 
== Koniec ==
 
#1526-1540 Under the rule of Lugos and Karánsebes Bans
 
#1526-1860 Under Ottoman occupation
 
{{Div col end}}
 
 
 
== References ==
 
{{Reflist}}
 
 
 
== Sources ==
 
{{Refbegin}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Curta |first=Florin |authorlink=Florin Curta |year=2006 |title=Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-89452-4 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Engel |first=Pál |authorlink=Pál Engel |year=1996  |title=Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301&ndash;1457, I. ''[Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301&ndash;1457, Volume I]'' |publisher=História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete |isbn=963-8312-44-0 |language=hu |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Madgearu |first=Alexandru |year=2017 |title=The Asanids: The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185–1280 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-9-004-32501-2 |ref=harv}}
 
*{{cite book |last=Makkai |first=László |editor1-last=Kristó |editor1-first=Gyula |editor2-last=Engel |editor2-first=Pál |editor3-last=Makk |editor3-first=Ferenc | title=Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) ''[Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)]'' |publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó |year=1994a |page=657 |chapter=szörényi bánság [Banate of Severin] |language=hu |isbn=963-05-6722-9 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Makkai |first=László |editor1-last=Köpeczi |editor1-first=Béla |editor2-last=Barta |editor2-first=Gábor |editor3-last=Bóna |editor3-first=István |editor4-last=Makkai |editor4-first=László |editor5-last=Szász |editor5-first=Zoltán |editor6-last=Borus |editor6-first=Judit | title=History of Transylvania |publisher=Akadémiai Kiadó |year=1994b |pages=178–243 |chapter=The Emergence of the Estates (1172&ndash;1526) |isbn=963-05-6703-2 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Papacostea |first=Șerban |year=1998 |title=Between the Crusade and the Mongol Empire |publisher=Center for Transylvanian Studies, Romanian Cultural Foundation |isbn=973-577-186-1 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Pop |first=Ioan-Aurel |year=2013 |title="De manibus Valachorum scismaticorum...": Romanians and Power in the Mediaeval Kingdom of Hungary, The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries |publisher=Peter Land Edition |isbn=978-3-631-64866-7 |ref=harv}}
 
*{{Cite book |last=Vásáry |first=István |year=2005 |title=Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=0-521-83756-1 |ref=harv}}
 
* {{cite book |last=Zsoldos |first=Attila |year=2011 |title=Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301 ''[Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301]'' |publisher=História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete |isbn=978-963-9627-38-3 |language=hu |ref=harv}}
 
{{Refend}}
 
 
 
== References ==
 
*Hațegan I., ''Cavalerii teutoni în Banatul Severinului'' (1429&ndash;1435), "Tibiscus-istorie" V, Muzeul Banatului, Timișoara, 1978, pp.&nbsp;191–196.
 
*http://mek.niif.hu/02100/02114/html/316.html Histoire de la Transylvanie
 
 
 
==External links==
 
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120330212119/http://genealogy.vanyi.org/hu/images/4/44/Szorenyi_bansag.jpg Map]
 
 
 
{{Provinces of medieval Kingdom of Hungary}}
 
 
 
{{coord missing|Romania}}
 
 
 
[[Category:Banates of the Kingdom of Hungary]]
 
[[Category:Medieval Romania]]
 
[[Category:History of Banat]]
 
[[Category:Territorial evolution of Hungary]]
 
[[Category:Oltenia]]
 
 
 
[[Kategoria:Importowane]]
 
[[Kategoria:Nieprzetłumaczone]]
 
[[Kategoria:Węgierscy dygnitarze historyczni]]
 

Aktualna wersja na dzień 19:43, 17 kwi 2020

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