Kende: Różnice pomiędzy wersjami
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The '''''kende''''' (or '''''kündü''''') was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early [[Hungarians]] along with the ''[[Gyula (title)|gyula]]'' or war-chief. The function of the ''kende'' is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince").<ref name='Spinei'>Victor Spinei, [https://books.google.com/books?id=R24jAQAAIAAJ&q=Kende+sacral+prince&dq=Kende+sacral+prince&hl=en&ei=dEuVTu_xEsPS8gOa94m4Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA The Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century: Hungarians, Pechenegs and Uzes], Hakkert, 2006, p. 42</ref><ref>Kevin Alan Brook, [https://books.google.com/books?id=hEuIveNl9kcC&pg=PA253&dq=Kende+sacral+prince&hl=en&ei=dEuVTu_xEsPS8gOa94m4Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=6&ved=0CEMQ6wEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Kende%20sacral%20prince&f=false The Jews of Khazaria], Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, p. 253</ref> At the time of the Magyar migration to [[Pannonia (Roman province)|Pannonia]], the ''kende'' was named [[Kurszán]]. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the ''gyula'' [[Árpád]], creating a single-head monarchy for [[Hungary]]. Though there are some scholars (for example [[Gyula Kristó]]) who believe that Árpád was the ''kende'', who later took up the functions of the ''gyula''. | The '''''kende''''' (or '''''kündü''''') was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early [[Hungarians]] along with the ''[[Gyula (title)|gyula]]'' or war-chief. The function of the ''kende'' is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince").<ref name='Spinei'>Victor Spinei, [https://books.google.com/books?id=R24jAQAAIAAJ&q=Kende+sacral+prince&dq=Kende+sacral+prince&hl=en&ei=dEuVTu_xEsPS8gOa94m4Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA The Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century: Hungarians, Pechenegs and Uzes], Hakkert, 2006, p. 42</ref><ref>Kevin Alan Brook, [https://books.google.com/books?id=hEuIveNl9kcC&pg=PA253&dq=Kende+sacral+prince&hl=en&ei=dEuVTu_xEsPS8gOa94m4Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=6&ved=0CEMQ6wEwBQ#v=onepage&q=Kende%20sacral%20prince&f=false The Jews of Khazaria], Rowman & Littlefield, 2009, p. 253</ref> At the time of the Magyar migration to [[Pannonia (Roman province)|Pannonia]], the ''kende'' was named [[Kurszán]]. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the ''gyula'' [[Árpád]], creating a single-head monarchy for [[Hungary]]. Though there are some scholars (for example [[Gyula Kristó]]) who believe that Árpád was the ''kende'', who later took up the functions of the ''gyula''. | ||
Wersja z 10:18, 4 sie 2020
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| [1] | [2] | Ten artykuł został przetłumaczony z Wikipedii w języku angielskim. Treści pochodzące z Wikipedii w języku angielskim są oparte na licencji Creative Commons 3.0 – Uznanie Autorstwa – Na tych samych warunkach. Kopiując je lub tłumacząc, należy podać ich autorów i udostępnić na tych samych warunkach. |
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The kende (or kündü) was one of the kings of the dual-monarchy of the early Hungarians along with the gyula or war-chief. The function of the kende is believed to have been a religious one ("sacral prince").[1][2] At the time of the Magyar migration to Pannonia, the kende was named Kurszán. Upon Kurszán's death in a raid in approximately 904 CE, the office was taken up by the gyula Árpád, creating a single-head monarchy for Hungary. Though there are some scholars (for example Gyula Kristó) who believe that Árpád was the kende, who later took up the functions of the gyula. Some scholars have speculated that the early Magyar dual kingship derived from their time as vassals of the Khazars. Indeed, the Khazars were described by Ahmad ibn Fadlan as having an officer titled Kündür which may have been either identical to, model for or the forerunner of the office of kende. House of KendeKende also refers to the noble Hungarian House of Kende settled in the eastern region of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy of Kölcse. In 1181 the family received several settlements from the king: Kölcse, Istvándi, Kóród, Csécse, Cseke, Milota, Czégény. Źródła
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