Banat Severin

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Źródło: Banate of Severin

Banate of Severin
Szörényi bánság
Banatul Severinului
Северинска бановина
banate of Kingdom of Hungary
13th century–16th century x30px →
 
x30px →
Location of Banate of Severin
Banate of Severin, late 13th century
History
 • style="padding-left:0em;text-align:left;"|Established 13th century
 • style="padding-left:0em;text-align:left;"|Disestablished 16th century
Today part of 
Rumunia
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Plik:Banate of severin.png
Map of the Banate of Severin

The Banate of Severin or Banate of Szörény (; ; ; Szablon:Lang-bg, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}; Szablon:Lang-sr, {{#invoke:Lang|lang}}) was a Hungarian political, military and administrative unit with a special role in initially anti-Bulgarian, latterly anti-Ottoman defensive system of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. It was founded by Prince Béla in 1228.

History

Kaloyan of Bulgaria occupied the region between the rivers Cerna and the Olt around 1199.{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn|template=sfn}} The Kingdom of Hungary was also expanding over the Carpathian Mountains in the early 13th century, which gave rise to conflicts between the two countries.{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn|template=sfn}}{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn|template=sfn}} The Cuman tribes dwelling to the east of the Olt as far as the river Siret agreed to pay a yearly tribute to the kings of Hungary in early 1227.{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn|template=sfn}} The Hungarians captured the Bulgarian fortress of Severin during a military campaign against Bulgaria in 1231.{{#invoke:Footnotes|sfn|template=sfn}}

After the 1526 Battle of Mohács, the Banate of Severin was divided. South-eastern part (eastwards from Varcsaró - Vârciorova, today part of Bolvașnița) came under the jurisdiction of Wallachian princes and in the north-western part (westwards from Orsova - present-day Orșova - inclusive) was gradually reorganized into the Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes.

Bans of Severin

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Lista banów

Trzynasty wiek

Term Incumbent Monarch Notes
c. 1226–c. 1232 Hahót II. Buzád II. András He styled himself "former ban" in 1233. His close relationship with II. András's son, IV. Béla, Duke of Transylvania, suggests that he was the ban of Severin (instead of being the ban of Slavonia).
c. 1233 Lucas I. Péc II. András
1235 Szák Pósa IV. Béla Also Master of the treasury and ispán (or head) of Bács County
c. 1240 Osl Osl IV. Béla
c. 1243 Csák István IV. Béla
c. 1260 Lawrence, syn Kemény'a IV. Béla Pierszy raz.
c. 1262 István IV. Béla He is only mentioned in a non-authentic charter.
c. 1263 Lawrence V. István (młody król) Also Master of the treasury of Stephen V.
c. 1268 Sándor, syn Druga V. István (młody król)
c. 1268 Csák III. Ugrin V. István (młody król) Pierwszy raz.
c. 1270 Lawrence, syn Kemény'a V. István Drugi raz. Also ispán of Doboka County.
c. 1270 Panyit Miskolc ?? V. István
1271–1272 Lawrence, syn Kemény'a V. István Third rule. Also ispán of Doboka County.
1272 Ákos Albert V. István
1272–1274 Gutkeled Pál IV. László First rule. Also ispán of Valkó and Doboka Counties.
1274–1275 Csák III. Ugrin IV. László Drugi raz.
1275 Gutkeled Pál IV. László Drugi raz.
1275–1276 Kökényes-Radnót II. Mikod IV. László
1276 Csák III. Ugrin IV. László Trzeci raz.
1277–1278 Gutkeled Pál (?) IV. László Jest wymieniony tylko w nieautentycznych kartach. Trzeci raz rule.
1279 Lawrence, syn Kemény'a IV. László Pierwszy raz.
1291 Lawrence, syn Kemény'a III. András Drugi raz, but he may have continuously held the office from 1279 to 1291
1299-1307 Tárnok András

Czternasty wiek

Term Incumbent Monarch Notes
1308-1313 Tárnok András
Tárnok Márton
1314-1318 Csornai Domokos
1319-1323 Rátholti László
1323-1329 Szécsi Dénes
1324 Pál ???
1330-1341 Szécsi Dénes
1335–1341 Szécsi Dénes Charles I Also master of the stewards.
1342–1349 Losonci I. István Charles I, I. Lajos wcześniej przywódca Seklerów
1350–1355 Szécsi I. Miklós I. Lajos Also ispán of Keve and Krassó Counties.
1355–1359 Lackfi Dénes I. Lajos Also master of the horse, and ispán of Keve and Krassó Counties.
1359–1379 Wakat.
1375–1376 Treutel János I. Lajos
1376–1387 Wakat.
1387 Losonci László Jr.
1387-1388 Losonci István
1388-1390 Kaplai-Serkei János
1390-1391 Perényi Miklós
1392 Gerebenci Szemere
1392-1393 Bebek Detre
1393 Szécsi Frank
1393-1397 wakat
1397 Lukács of Oszkola
1393-1408 wakat

XV wiek

Term Incumbent Monarch Notes


1408-1409 Pipo of Ozora
wakat
1410 Lőrinc, syn Majosa
1410-1428 Wakat
1428 Marcali Imre
1430-1435 Redwitz Miklós
wakat
1435 Hagymás László z Beregszó and [Dancs János]] of Macedonia
1436-1439 Tallóczi Frank
1439-1446 Hunyadi János
1445-1446 Újlaki Miklós
1447-1454 Csornai Mihály
1449 Csornai Balázs
1452-1454 Dancs Péter z Sebes
1455-57 wakat
1458 Bethlen Vlad
Bethlen Gergely
1459-1460 wakat
1460 Dóczi László
1462-1463 Újlaki Miklós
1464-1466 wakat
1466 Pongrácz János of Dengeleg
1467 wakat
1467 Muthnoki István
Muthnoki Mihály
1468-1471 wakat
1471-1478 Hédervári Imre
1478 Erdő János
Bethlen Domokos
1478 wakat
1479 Török Ambrus
Szenthelsebethi György
1479 Pathócsy Bertalan
1480-1483 Pathócsy Bertalan
Haraszti Ferenc
1483-1489 Haraszti Ferenc i Szokoly András
1490 Ozorai Imre
1491 Ozorai Imre
Dánfy András of Doboz
1491-1492 Haraszti Ferenc
Dánfy András of Doboz
1492 Csulai Móré Fülöp
1492-1494 Csulai Móré Fülöp
Balassa Ferenc

XVI wiek

Term Incumbent Monarch Notes
1495-1501 Macskási Tárnok Péter
Gerlisthey Jakab
1501 Gerlisthey Jakab
Bélai Barnabás
1502 Gerlisthey Jakab
Macskási Tárnok Péter
1503 Bélai Barnabás
1503 Gerlisthey Jakab
1504-1508 Gerlisthey Jakab
Bélai Barnabás
1508-1513 Paksi Mihály
Bélai Barnabás
1514 Bélai Barnabás
János Szapolyai
1515-1516 Hagymási Miklós of Berekszó
1517-1518 wakat
1519 Bélai Barnabás
1520-1521 Gerlisthey Miklós
1522-1523 Kállay János Vitéz
1524-1526 Kállay János Vitéz
Szapolyai János

Koniec

  1. 1526-1540 Under the rule of Lugos and Karánsebes Bans
  2. 1526-1860 Under Ottoman occupation

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References

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Sources

  • Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89452-4. 
  • Engel, Pál (1996) (hu). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, I. [Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301–1457, Volume I]. História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. ISBN 963-8312-44-0. 
  • Madgearu, Alexandru (2017). The Asanids: The Political and Military History of the Second Bulgarian Empire, 1185–1280. BRILL. ISBN 978-9-004-32501-2. 
  • Makkai, László (1994a). "szörényi bánság [Banate of Severin]". u: Kristó, Gyula; Engel, Pál; Makk, Ferenc (hu). Korai magyar történeti lexikon (9–14. század) [Encyclopedia of the Early Hungarian History (9th–14th centuries)]. Akadémiai Kiadó. str. 657. ISBN 963-05-6722-9. 
  • Makkai, László (1994b). "The Emergence of the Estates (1172–1526)". u: Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István i dr... History of Transylvania. Akadémiai Kiadó. str. 178–243. ISBN 963-05-6703-2. 
  • Papacostea, Șerban (1998). Between the Crusade and the Mongol Empire. Center for Transylvanian Studies, Romanian Cultural Foundation. ISBN 973-577-186-1. 
  • Pop, Ioan-Aurel (2013). "De manibus Valachorum scismaticorum...": Romanians and Power in the Mediaeval Kingdom of Hungary, The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries. Peter Land Edition. ISBN 978-3-631-64866-7. 
  • Vásáry, István (2005). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-83756-1. 
  • Zsoldos, Attila (2011) (hu). Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301 [Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301]. História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. ISBN 978-963-9627-38-3. 


References

External links

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