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| − | Za: [https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87]
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| − | Za: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87]
| + | [[Kategoria:Strony przetłumaczone z angielskiej Wikipedii]] |
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| | + | {{Uwaga| |
| | + | |strona = https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87 |
| | + | |autorzy = https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87&action=history |
| | + | |nota = angielski |
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| | + | {{Uwaga| |
| | + | |strona = https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87 |
| | + | |autorzy = https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Karlovi%C4%87&action=history |
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| − | |poprzednik = [[Petar Berislavić]] | + | |poprzednik = [[Berislavić Petar]] |
| − | |gl_članak_funkcija = [[Ban Chorwacji, Slawonii i Dalmacji]]<br />(1521-1524) | + | |gl_članak_funkcija = [[Ban Dalmacji, Chorwacji i Slawonii]]<br />(1520-1524) |
| | |następca = [[Ivan Tahi]] | | |następca = [[Ivan Tahi]] |
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| − | {{Redoslijed|
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| − | |poprzednik = [[Batthyány Ferenc]]
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| − | |gl_članak_funkcija = [[Ban Chorwacji, Slawonii i Dalmacji]]<br />(1527-1531)
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| − | |następca = [[xxx]] ???
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| | + | [[Plik:Coa_Hungary_County_Lika-Krbava_(history).svg|250px|left|Grb nekadašnje Ličko-senjske županije, otkuda potječe Ivan Karlović]] |
| | + | '''Ivan Karlović''' (łac. ''Johannes Torquatus comes Corbauie'') (1485-9 sierpnia 1531), chorwacki szlachcic, ostatni potomek rodziny książąt [[Krbava|kurbavskich]] [[Kurjaković]], jedna z gałęzi starożytnego chorwackiego rodu [[Gusić ]]. W niektórych, szczególnie zagranicznych, źródłach Ivan jest nazywany „Johannes Torquatus” (Ivan Torkvat), co sugeruje, że biorąc pod uwagę łacińskie znaczenie tego słowa, nosił ozdobną obrożę lub łańcuszek (łańcuch) na szyi, chorwacki ban. |
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| | + | == Życiorys == |
| | + | |
| | + | Ivan Karlovic był synem Karla Kurjakovića († 1493) i Dorothei (Dora) [[Frankapan]]. Po śmierci ojca odziedziczył tytuł knezia [[Krbava|Krbavy]] i majątek rodzinny w żupaniach Krbava, Odorje, Hotuči, Lapcu i części Like, którą starał się zachować przed inwazją sił osmańskich.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> W 1500 roku walczył przeciwko Turkom pod Grazem, a w 1506 uczestniczył po stronie Maksymiliana I w bitwach z królem Władysławem II Jagiellończykiemć. |
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| | + | W 1506 i 1511 r. tymczasowo uznał władze tureckie, płacąc haracz za uratowanie mienia przed dewastacją.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> W latach 1509–1524 zawarł kilka umów kondominium z Wenecjanami, na mocy których musiał bronić ich mienia w Dalmacji. Był podbanem i kapitanem Chorwacji i Dalmacji od 1512 do 1513. Wraz z banem [[Petar Berislavić|Petrem Berislavićem]] brał udział w zwycięstwie nad Turkami pod Dubicą w 1513 r.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> W następnym roku Turcy zdewastowali jego posiadłości w Lici i Krbavie oraz starli się z nim w Bośni. |
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| | + | Banem Chorwacji był dwukrotnie: od 1521 do 1524 r. i od 1527 do 1531 r. Wyróżniał się jako organizator obrony państw chorwackich i bojownik przeciwko Turkom, ale z powodu niewystarczających funduszy i pomocy królewskiej nie zdołał zapobiec upadkowi Knina i Skradina – w 1524 r. zrzekł się funkcji bana. |
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| | + | [[Plik:Isprava_o_izboru_Ferdinanda_I.,_Cetin_1527.jpg|thumb|left|Pečat Ivana Karlovića nalazi se na [[Cetingradska povelja|Cetingradskoj povelji]] (drugi slijeva)]] |
| | + | Brał udział w zjeździe w Cetinie, na którym 1 stycznia 1527 r. Ferdynand Habsburg został wybrany chorwackim królem. Jego pieczęć znajduje się na wydanej wówczas Karcie Cettingradzkiej, pośród pieczęci sześciu najwybitniejszych szlachty ówczesnego chorwackiego Królestwa w osobistym związku z Węgrami. W tym samym roku Turcy podbili jego posiadłości (miasta Komić, Mrsinj, Obrovac, Ostrovicę i Udbina). W zamian otrzymał od króla Ferdynanda I niektóre miasta w Chorwacji, w tym Medvedgrad i Rakovec, oraz nabył Lukavec w Turopolje<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> |
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| | + | W 1527 r. wraz z [[Franjo Batthyány]]m został mianowany chorwackim banem, a w 1528 r. z pomocą sił austriackich pokonał Turków pod Belajem. Po jego śmierci w 1531 r. majątki kneziów krbawskich zostały przejęte przez [[Zrinski]]ch na podstawie umowy zawartej w 1508 r. ze szwagrem [[Nikola III. Zrinski|Nikolą Zrinskim]], mężem siostry Ivana Jeleny. Został pochowany w kościele klasztoru Paulinów w Remete, Zagrzeb. |
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| | + | Jest zapamiętany w tradycji ludowej [[Chorwaci molizańscy|Chorwatów molizańskich]] i [[Chorwaci burgenlandzcy|burgenlandzkich]] jako szlachetny i dobry mistrz oraz bezkompromisowy wojownik przeciwko Turkom.<ref>[http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=30596 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatska enciklopedija]</ref> W dzisiejszych czasach wiele zrujnowanych miast nazywa dziś „Karlović Dvori” (Komić, Kozja Draga, Mazin), a pamięć o banie Karloviću zachowana jest w pieśniach ludowych. |
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| | + | == Przypisy == |
| | + | {{izvori}} |
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| | + | == Linki zewnętrzne == |
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| | + | * [http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatski biografski leksikon] (chor.) |
| | + | * [http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=30596 Ivan Karlović – Hrvatska enciklopedija] (chor.) |
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| | {{Urzędnik infobox | | {{Urzędnik infobox |
| | |urzędnik = Ivan Karlović | | |urzędnik = Ivan Karlović |
| | |imiona = | | |imiona = |
| − | |tytulatura = Ban Chorwacji, Dalmacji i Slawonii | + | |tytulatura = Ban Dalmacji, Chorwacji i Slawonii |
| | |grafika = Coa_Hungary_County_Lika-Krbava_(history).svg | | |grafika = Coa_Hungary_County_Lika-Krbava_(history).svg |
| | |opis grafiki = | | |opis grafiki = |
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| | |opis faksymile = | | |opis faksymile = |
| | |dewiza = | | |dewiza = |
| − | |1. tytuł = [[Ban Chorwacji, Slawonii i Dalmacji]] | + | |
| − | |1. od = <small>(1)</small> 1512, <small>(2)</small> 1527 | + | |1. tytuł = [[Ban Dalmacji, Chorwacji i Slawonii]] |
| − | |1. do = <small>(1)</small> 1520, <small>(2)</small> 1531 | + | |1. od = 1520 |
| | + | |1. do = 1524 |
| | |1. powołanie = | | |1. powołanie = |
| − | |1. poprzednik = <small>(1)</small> [[Petar Berislavić]]<br><small>(2)</small> [[Batthyány Ferenc]] | + | |1. poprzednik = [[Berislavić Petar]] |
| − | |1. następca = <small>(1)</small> [[Ivan Tahi]]<br><small>(2)</small> [[???]] | + | |1. następca = [[Ivan Tahi]] |
| | | | |
| | + | |klan = [[Kurjaković]] |
| | |ród = [[Karlović]] | | |ród = [[Karlović]] |
| | + | |rodzina = |
| | |pochodzenie = chorwackie | | |pochodzenie = chorwackie |
| − | |państwo = [[Królestwo Węgier]] w unii personalnej z Królestwem Chorwacji | + | |państwo = [[Królestwo Węgier]]<br>w unii personalnej<br>z [[Królestwem Chorwacji]] |
| | |data urodzenia = 1485 | | |data urodzenia = 1485 |
| | |miejsce urodzenia = | | |miejsce urodzenia = |
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| | |przyczyna śmierci = | | |przyczyna śmierci = |
| | |miejsce spoczynku = | | |miejsce spoczynku = |
| − | |ojciec = nieznany | + | |ojciec = Karlo |
| − | |matka = nieznana | + | |matka = Frankopan Dorothea |
| − | |rodzeństwo = | + | |rodzeństwo = Bernardin, Katarina, Uršula, Jelena, Klara |
| | |1. związek = | | |1. związek = |
| | |1. związek z = | | |1. związek z = |
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| | |1. związek do = | | |1. związek do = |
| | |1. dzieci = | | |1. dzieci = |
| − | |dokonania = | + | |dokonania = [[Bitwa pod Dubicą]] |
| | |odznaczenia = | | |odznaczenia = |
| | |commons = | | |commons = |
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| − | '''Ivan Karlović''' (łac. ''Johannes Torquatus comes Corbauie'') (1485-9 sierpnia 1531), chorwacki szlachcic, ostatni potomek rodziny książąt kurbanskich Kurjaković, jedna z gałęzi starożytnego chorwackiego plemienia Gusic. W niektórych, szczególnie zagranicznych, źródłach Ivan Karlovic jest nazywany „Johannes Torquatus” (Ivan Torkvat), co sugeruje, że biorąc pod uwagę łacińskie znaczenie tego słowa, nosił ozdobną obrożę lub łańcuszek (łańcuch) na szyi.
| + | {{SORTUJ:Karlović, Ivan}} |
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| − | chorwacki ban,
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| − | '''Ivan Karlović''' ([[Latinski jezik|lat.]] ''Johannes Torquatus comes Corbauie'') (?, [[1485.]] - [[Medvedgrad]], [[9. kolovoza]] [[1531.]]), [[Hrvati|hrvatski]] velikaš, [[ban|hrvatski ban]], posljednji potomak obitelji [[krbava|krbavskih]] knezova [[Kurjakovići|Kurjakovića]], jednog od ogranaka staro[[Hrvati|hrvatskog]] plemena [[Gusići|Gusića]]. U nekim, osobito inozemnim, izvorima Ivana Karlovića se naziva "Johannes Torquatus" (Ivan Torkvat), što upućuje na to da je, s obzirom na latinsko značenje te riječi, nosio ukrasni ovratnik ili lanac (lančić) oko vrata.
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| − | == Životopis ==
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| − | Ivan Karlović je bio sin Karla Kurjakovića († 1493.) i Doroteje (Dore) [[Frankapan]]. Nakon očeve smrti naslijedio je naslov ''krbavskog kneza'' i obiteljske posjede u županijama [[Krbava|Krbavi]], Odorju, Hotuči, [[Lapac|Lapcu]] i dijelu [[Lika|Like]] koje je nastojao očuvati od nasrtaja osmanskih snaga.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> Ratovao je [[1500]]. protiv Turaka kraj Gradca, a [[1506]]. sudjelovao je na strani [[Maksimilijan I., car Svetog Rimskog Carstva|Maksimilijana I.]] u borbama protiv kralja [[Vladislav II. Jagelović|Vladislava II. Jagelovića]].
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| − | [[Plik:Coa_Hungary_County_Lika-Krbava_(history).svg|thumb|left|Grb nekadašnje Ličko-senjske županije, otkuda potječe Ivan Karlović]]
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| − | [[Plik:cetinska_povelja.jpg|thumb|left|Pečat Ivana Karlovića nalazi se na [[Cetingradska povelja|Cetingradskoj povelji]] (drugi slijeva)]]
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| − | Godine 1506. i 1511. privremeno je priznao tursku vlast uz plaćanje harača kako bi spasio svoje posjede od pustošenja.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> Između 1509. i 1524. sklopio je s [[Mletačka Republika|Mlečanima]] više kondotijerskih ugovora, prema kojima je imao braniti njihove posjede u [[Dalmacija|Dalmaciji]]. Bio je [[banovac (dužnosnik)|podban]] i kapetan Hrvatske i Dalmacije u razdoblju 1512.–1513. te je s banom [[Petar Berislavić|Petrom Berislavićem]] sudjelovao u pobjedi nad Turcima kraj Dubice [[1513]]. godine.<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref> Sljedeće su godine [[Turci]] opustošili njegove posjede u Lici i Krbavi te se sukobio s njima u [[Bosna i Hercegovina|Bosni]].
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| − | U prvom mandatu banovao je od [[1521]]. do [[1524.]] te od [[1527]]. do [[1531]]. Istaknuo se kao organizator obrane hrvatskih zemalja i borac protiv [[Osmanlije|Turaka]], ali zbog nedovoljnih sredstava i kraljeve pomoći nije uspio spriječiti pad [[Knin]]a i [[Skradin]]a. Godine 1524. odrekao se banske časti.
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| − | Sudjelovao je na [[Cetinski Sabor|Cetinskom Saboru]], kojom prigodom je [[1. siječnja]] [[1527]]. godine [[Ferdinand Habsburški]] izabran za hrvatskog kralja. Njegov pečat nalazi se na tada izdanoj [[Cetingradska povelja|Cetingradskoj povelji]], među pečatima šest najviđenijih velikaša tadašnjeg [[Hrvatska u personalnoj uniji s Ugarskom|Hrvatskog Kraljevstva u personalnoj uniji s Ugarskom]]. Iste godine Turci su osvojili njegovu djedovinu (gradove [[Komić]], [[Mrsinj]], [[Obrovac]], [[Ostrovica (Lišane Ostrovičke)|Ostrovicu]] i [[Udbina|Udbinu]]). U zamjenu je od kralja Ferdinanda I. dobio neke gradove u Hrvatskoj, među kojima [[Medvedgrad]] i [[Rakovec]], a kupnjom je stekao [[Lukavec (dvorac)|Lukavec]] u [[Turopolje|Turopolju]].<ref>[http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatski biografski leksikon]</ref>
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| − | Godine 1527. zajedno s Franjom Batthyányem imenovan je hrvatskim banom te je [[1528]]. uz pomoć austrijskih snaga porazio Turke kraj Belaja. Nakon njegove smrti 1531. posjedi krbavskih knezova su, na osnovi baštinskog ugovora sklopljenim [[1508]]. s [[Nikola III. Zrinski|Nikolom Zrinskim]], suprugom Ivanove sestre ''Jelene'', pripali [[Knezovi Zrinski|Zrinskima]]. Pokopan je u crkvi [[Pavlini|pavlinskoga]] [[Crkva Majke Božje Remetske|samostana]] u [[zagreb]]ačkim [[Remete|Remetama]].
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| − | Zapamćen je u narodnoj predaji [[Moliški Hrvati|moliških]] i [[Gradišćanski Hrvati|gradišćanskih Hrvata]] kao plemenit i dobar gopodar te bekompromisan borac protiv Turaka.<ref>[http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=30596 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatska enciklopedija]</ref> Tradicija zove još i danas nekoliko ruševnih gradova "[[Karlovića dvori]]" (Komić, [[Kozja Draga]], [[Mazin]]), a i u narodnim pjesmama sačuvana je uspomena na bana Karlovića.
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| − | == Vidi još ==
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| − | * [[Popis hrvatskih banova]]
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| − | == Bilješke ==
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| − | {{wikizvor|Povijest Hrvatske I. (R. Horvat)/Ban Ivan Karlović}}
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| − | == Vanjske poveznice ==
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| − | * [http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatski biografski leksikon] {{hr icon}}
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| − | * [http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=30596 Ivan Karlović - Hrvatska enciklopedija] {{hr icon}}
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| − | {{GLAVNIRASPORED:Karlović, Ivan}}
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| − | [[Kategorija:Hrvatski banovi]]
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| − | [[Kategorija:Hrvatsko plemstvo]]
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| − | [[Kategorija:Hrvatski vojni zapovjednici]]
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| − | [[Kategorija:Lika]]
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| − | [[Kategorija:Kurjakovići]]
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| − | {{Infobox officeholder
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| − | |name= Ivan Karlović
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| − | |image=
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| − | |caption =
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| − | |imagesize =
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| − | |order = [[Ban of Croatia]]
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| − | |term_start1 = 1521
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| − | |term_end1 = 1524
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| − | |predecessor1 = [[Petar Berislavić]]
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| − | |successor1 = [[Ferenc Tahy|Janos Tahy]]
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| − | |term_start2 = 1527
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| − | |term_end2 = 1531
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| − | |predecessor2 = [[Ferenc Batthyány]]
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| − | |successor2 = Simeon [[Erdődy]]
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| − | |birth_date = 1485
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| − | |birth_place = [[Udbina]], [[Croatia in the union with Hungary|Kingdom of Croatia]]
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| − | |death_date = 9 August 1531
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| − | |death_place = [[Medvedgrad]], [[Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)|Kingdom of Croatia]], [[Habsburg Monarchy]]
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| − | |restingplace = [[:hr:Crkva Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije u Remetama|Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Remete]], [[Zagreb]], [[Croatia]]
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| − | |spouse =
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| − | |battles = [[Battle of Dubica]] (1513)
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| − | }}
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| − | '''Ivan Karlović''' (c. 1485 – 9 August 1531), also known as by his [[Latin]] name ''Johannes Torquatus'', was the [[Count]] of [[Krbava]], and [[Ban of Croatia]] from 1521 to 1524 and again from 1527 to 1531. In defense against [[Ottoman Empire]] expansion, he lost most of his personal holdings. He was the last male descendant of the [[Kurjaković family]] from the noble tribe of [[Gusić family|Gusić]], and after his death the estates went to [[Nikola III Zrinski]] who married his sister Jelena Kurjaković. Karlović is positively remembered in the Croatian folk poetry.
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| − | == Early life ==
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| − | Ivan was born c. 1485 in [[Udbina]], as the son of Karlo [[Kurjaković family|Kurjaković]], and Dorothea [[Frankopan]]. After his father's death in 1493, he inherited vast estates of the family, including [[županija]]s Krbava, Odorje, Hotuča, Lapac, part of [[Lika]] and several fortified cities in near županijas, as well the title of the Count of [[Krbava]].{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}}{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} During his lifetime, in a similar fashion to other Croatian and European noblemen, had an anachronistic tendency to trace his family ancestry to [[Patrician (ancient Rome)|Roman patricians]], in his case to [[Titus Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus]], a thesis which was also wrongly argued by [[Miklós Istvánffy]] and [[Pavao Ritter Vitezović]], and hence he and his sister Klara named themselves as "Torkvat".{{sfn|Sulejmanagić|2016|p=70–71}}
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| − | == History ==
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| − | At the time his estates were on the first front of the [[Ottoman Empire]] conquest. In the fighting he tried to rely on the help of Hungarian-Croatian King, the [[House of Habsburg]], [[Republic of Venice]] or even agreements of paying tribute with the Ottomans in 1506 and 1511.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} In 1500, defeated Ottoman army near Gradac (today [[Gračac]]). In the Hungarian succession crisis, he supported [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor]] against Hungarian-Croatian King [[Vladislaus II of Hungary]] in 1506.{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}} Between 1505 and 1509 he owned town [[Mutnik]] and market town Belaj (today village Bilaj near [[Gospić]]).{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} In 1508, temporary fought against Maximilian I's army in the hinterland of Venice, when on return successfully defended Mutnik from Croatian noblemen, and was possibly helped by the Ottoman forces. Between 1509 and 1524, made several [[Condottieri]] contracts with Venice to defend the Republic's estates in Dalmatia. In 1510, refused to be one the military commanders in a campaign to free Dalmatia from Venetian authority, but due to lack of finances the war did not happen.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}
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| − | In 1513, as Vice-Ban and Captain of Croatia and Dalmatia (1512–1513), with [[Petar Berislavić]], then [[Ban of Croatia]], and other noblemen defeated the Ottomans at the [[Battle of Dubica]].{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}} However, in 1514 the Ottomans raided his estates in Krbava and Lika, as well fought against in Bosnia.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} In 1517, as the situation was becoming more desperate, tried to replace his estates with forts in [[Lombardia]] under Venetian authority, and once again in the mid-1520s, but it was rejected with only a promise of financial help.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} In 1519, Stjepan Posedarski, a [[Renaissance humanism|humanist]], [[chaplain]] and envoy of Karlović from the Posedarski branch of the Gusić tribe, in the name of Karlović delivered anti-Ottoman speech ''Oratio Stephani Possedarski habita apud Leonem decimum pontificem maximum pro domino Ioanne Torquato comite Corbauie defensore Crouacie'' to [[Pope Leo X]]. In it, Karlović was represented as a true defender of his and other lands, in the name of faith, freedom, and survival, who is losing faith defending the Holy Church and asking for help. The speech was noted in the West but had little success.{{sfn|Magaš, Brtan|2015|p=96–97, 312}}<ref name="Fine2010">{{cite book|author=John V. A. (Jr.) Fine|title=When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEF5oN5erE0C|date=2010|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-02560-0|page=191}}</ref><ref name="ThomasChesworth2015">{{cite book|last1=Thomas|first1=David|last2=Chesworth|first2=John A.|title=Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History.: Volume 7. Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa and South America (1500-1600)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nohjCgAAQBAJ|date=2015|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-29848-4|pages=492, 499, 513}}</ref><ref name="Špoljarić2016">{{cite book|last=Špoljarić|first=Luka|title=Portraying the Prince in the Renaissance: The Humanist Depiction of Rulers in Historiographical and Biographical Texts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0NbDAAAQBAJ|year=2016|publisher=De Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-047337-7|pages=137, 143–145|chapter=Illyrian Trojans in a Turkish Storm: Croatian Renaissance Lords and the Politics of Dynastic Origin Myths}}</ref>
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| − | [[File:Isprava o izboru Ferdinanda I., Cetin 1527.jpg|left|thumb|[[Election in Cetin#Charter|Cetin Charter]] (1527), with the second seal from left belonging to Karlović.]]
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| − | In 1521, in the name of a group of Croatian nobility unsuccessfully negotiated with the Ottomans. In the same year was named as Ban of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia, and trying to organize a defense against the Ottomans decided to only engage in field battles as could not get support for the defense of royal towns,<ref>{{citation |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/169409?lang=en |language=Croatian |last=Marasović |first=Mario |title=Borbe za Klis u 16. i 17. stoljeću |year=2013 |journal=Rostra |publisher=University of Zadar |volume=7 |issue=7 |page=139 |via=Hrčak - Portal znanstvenih časopisa Republike Hrvatske}}</ref> and as such could not prevent [[Siege of Knin]], fall of [[Skradin]] and [[Ostrovica Fortress]]. He regularly received military and financial help from [[Archduke]] [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor|Ferdinand I]], but most importantly did not by Hungarian-Croatian King [[Louis II of Hungary|Louis II]]. As he steadily impoverished fighting and noblemen did not accept to increase revenue with new taxes in 1523, he renounced from the position of Ban in 1524.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}
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| − | In December 1526, he attended Croatian [[Election in Cetin]] along with several other most important Croatian noble magnates, where on 1 January 1527 signed a charter with which was elected Ferdinand I from the House of Habsburg as the King of Croatia, regarding them as the only house which could help against the Ottoman invasion. The election was part of a succession crisis and civil war as lower nobility in Hungary and Slavonia supported [[John Zápolya]], but Karlović mostly stayed neutral during the war, and after the death of [[Christoph Frankopan]], contributed to reconciliation between conflicting sides in 1530.{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}}
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| − | In 1527, along [[Ferenc Batthyány]], was again named as Ban of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia, on which position remained until his death in 1531. As the Ottomans conquered his forts [[Obrovac, Croatia|Obrovac]], [[Udbina]], [[Komić]], and Mrsinj-grad, from Ferdinand I received estates of [[Medvedgrad]], [[Lukavec, Croatia|Lukavec]] and [[Rakovec, Zagreb County|Rakovec]] in [[Turopolje]].{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}} In 1528, near Belaj commanded a Croatian army with some [[Carniola]]n forces which defeated several thousand Ottomans who were preparing to raid into Carniola. In the next year led the Croatian forces to help at [[Siege of Vienna]] (1529).{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}
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| − | == Death ==
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| − | Ivan Karlović died on 9 August 1531, in Medvedgrad. He was buried in the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Remete, [[Zagreb]], Croatia. As he did not have any descendants in marriage with the niece of cardinal [[Tamás Bakócz]], according to the inheritance contract with [[Nikola III Zrinski]] from 1509, who married his sister Jelena Kurjaković, the estates were inherited by Zrinski family. At the time, Karlović had 22 forts and cities in three županijas and two župas,{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}{{sfn|Klaić|1898|p=193}} of which most prominent were Udbina, Krbava, Kurjak-grad, Turan, Počitelj, Podlapčec (Podlapac), Mrsinj-grad, Lovinac, Gradac (Gračac), Novigrad, Zvonigrad, Zelengrad, Kličevac (Kličevica), Bag, Obrovac and Stari Obrovac.{{sfn|Magaš, Brtan|2015|p=75}}
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| − | His sister Jelena was the mother of the future Ban of Croatia, [[Nikola Šubić Zrinski]]. Karlović nephews Nikola and Ivan Zrinski in 1541 took care to carve the inscription on the tombstone, saying "''Sepultus genere Spectabilis militiaque praeditus magnificus dominus Torquatus, comes Corbaviae regnorumque Croatiae et Sclavoniae banus mole sub hac tegitur''",{{sfn|Klaić|1898|p=214}} however the inscription with the coat of arms got lost over the centuries. In a 16th century Glagolithic document his seal and coats of arms were described to have a goose on a shield, above them letters I. C., meaning Joannes Caroli.{{sfn|Klaić|1898|p=214}} In 1736, Hungarian polymath Samuel Timon described the alleged coat of arms on the tombstone, and according to it in 1802 Károly Wagner described the color, but they were inspired by 17th-century armorials like ''Opus Insignium Armorumque'' (1687–1688) by [[Johann Weikhard von Valvasor]].{{sfn|Sulejmanagić|2016|p=69}}
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| − | == Legacy ==
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| − | In the folk tradition, the fortified towns in ruin like Komić, Kozja Draga, and Mazin are still called as ''Karlovića dvori'' ("Karlović's palaces").<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Karlović, Ivan |encyclopedia=Enciklopedija Leksikografskog zavoda |year=1967 |publisher=[[Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography]] |volume=3 |location=Zagreb |pages=416}}</ref> Karlović is the main character of the novel ''Ivan Hrvaćanin'' (1926) by Fran Binički.<ref>{{citation |url=http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=1981 |language=Croatian |last=Mihanović |first=Nedjeljko |title=Binički, Fran |encyclopedia=[[Croatian Biographical Lexicon]] (HBL) |year=1983 |publisher=[[Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute]]}}</ref>
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| − | === Folk poetry ===
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| − | Karlović is also remembered in the folk poetry including [[bugarštica]] (for example ''Kad se Ivan Karlović vjerio za kćer kralja Budimskoga''),{{sfn|Bošković-Stulli|2004|p=23}} and of the [[Molise Croats]] in Southern Italy, [[Burgenland Croats]] in Austria, and [[Bosniaks]], probably the descendants of his former subjects.{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}}{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} He is mentioned as Ivan or Jivan Karlović, Ive Karlovićev, Ivan Dovice, did Karlović, Karlo Vića, and Ivan Hrvaćanin.{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}}{{sfn|Šimunović|1983|p=65–66}}<ref>{{cite book|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001352505|title=Jačke ili narodne pěsme prostoga i neprostoga puka hrvatskoga po župah šoprunskoj, mošonjskoj i želežnoj na Ugrih|author=Fran Kurelac|year=1871|publisher=Slovi D. Albrechta|location=Zagreb|pages=XXXIV–XXXV, 148–149, 160}}</ref> In Molise are preserved several fragmented variations of an old song in Shtokavian-Chakavian with Ikavian accent, while longer variation can be found in Chakavian with Ekavian-Ikavian accent.{{sfn|Šimunović|1983|p=65}}
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| − | He is generally featured as a noble and good master, tireless warrior against the Ottomans.{{sfn|Croatian Encyclopedia|2011}}{{sfn|Mujadžević|2009}} On the other hand, in Molise has a negative connotation, depicted as being feared by girls picking flowers in a meadow. The story about girls being feared of intercourse with heroes is a common folk theme where heroes identity is less significant as the songs were preserved and performed in wedding customs. There his true identity was forgotten and possibly was related to the fear and danger during the Ottomans conquest, but his mention is indicative for the date of migration and ethnic identity of the community in Molise.{{sfn|Perinić|2006|p=99–100}}
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| − | == See also ==
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| − | *[[Croatian nobility]]
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| − | *[[List of noble families of Croatia]]
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| − | *[[Twelve noble tribes of Croatia]]
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| − | == References ==
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| − | | |
| − | === Notes ===
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| − | {{Reflist|2}}
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| − | | |
| − | === Sources ===
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| − | *{{citation |title=Karlović, Ivan |url=http://www.enciklopedija.hr/natuknica.aspx?ID=30596 |author=[[Croatian Encyclopedia]] |year=2011}}
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| − | * {{citation |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/26005?lang=en |language=Croatian |last=Bošković-Stulli |first=Maja |author-link=Maja Bošković-Stulli |title=Bugarštice |year=2004 |journal=Narodna umjetnost: Croatian journal of ethnology and folklore research |publisher=Institute of Ethonology and Folklore Research |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=9–51 |via=Hrčak - Portal znanstvenih časopisa Republike Hrvatske}}
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| − | *{{citation |url=http://dizbi.hazu.hr/object/11163 |language=Serbo-Croatian |last=Klaić |first=Vjekoslav |author-link=Vjekoslav Klaić |title=Rodoslovje knezova Krbavskih od plemena Gusić |trans-title=Geneaology of Counts of Krbava from the tribe of Gusić |year=1898 |journal=Rad |publisher=JAZU |location=Zagreb |issue=49 |pages=191–214}}
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| − | *{{citation |last1=Magaš |first1=Damir |last2=Brtan |first2=Josip |year=2015 |title=Prostor i vrijeme knezova Posedarskih: Zemljopisna obilježja i povijesni razvoj Općine Posedarje: Posedarje, Slivnica, Vinjerac, Podgradina, Islam Latinski, Ždrilo i Grgurice |trans-title=The Space and the Time of Posedarski Counts: Geographic Features and Historic Development of Posedarje Municipality: Posedarje, Slivnica, Vinjerac, Podgradina, Islam Latinski, Ždrilo and Grgurice |url=http://bib.irb.hr/prikazi-rad?rad=773222 |language=Croatian |location=Zadar |publisher=Sveučilište u Zadru, Centar za istraživanje krša i priobalja, Odjel za geografiju, Hrvatsko geografsko društvo Zadar |isbn=978-953-331-059-6}}
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| − | *{{citation |url=http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=6996 |language=Croatian |last=Majnarić |first=Ivan |title=Kurjakovići (Krbavski knezovi, Kurjaković Krbavski) |encyclopedia=[[Croatian Biographical Lexicon]] (HBL) |year=2013 |publisher=[[Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute]]}}
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| − | *{{citation |url=http://hbl.lzmk.hr/clanak.aspx?id=184 |language=Croatian |last=Mujadžević |first=Dino |title=Karlović, Ivan (Krbavski; Ivan Torkvat, Johannes Torquatus comes Corbauie, Zuan de Corbavia) |encyclopedia=[[Croatian Biographical Lexicon]] (HBL) |year=2009 |publisher=[[Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute]]}}
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| − | *{{citation |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=43460&lang=en |language=Croatian |last=Perinić |first=Ana |title=Moliški Hrvati. Rekonstrukcija kreiranja i reprezentacije jednog etničkog identiteta |year=2006 |journal=Etnološka tribina |publisher=Croatian Ethnological Society and Department of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb |volume=36 |issue=29 |pages=91–106 |via=Hrčak - Portal znanstvenih časopisa Republike Hrvatske}}
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| − | *{{cite journal |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/172195?lang=en |language=Croatian |last=Sulejmanagić |first=Amer |title=Coins with Coats-of-Arms of the Croatian Clans of Kurjaković Krbavski (from the Gusić Clan) and Lapčani – Coins of Georg Ludwig Count of Sinzendorf from 1676 |year=2016 |journal=Numizmatičke Vijesti |volume=58 |issue=69 |pages=68–88 |via=Hrčak - Portal znanstvenih časopisa Republike Hrvatske}}
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| − | * {{citation |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/45862?lang=en |language=Croatian |last=Šimunović |first=Petar |title=Sklavunske naseobine u južnoj Italiji i naša prva zapisana bugaršćica |year=1984 |journal=Narodna umjetnost: Croatian journal of ethnology and folklore research |publisher=Institute of Ethonology and Folklore Research |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=54–68 |via=Hrčak - Portal znanstvenih časopisa Republike Hrvatske}}
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| − | ;Other bibliography:
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| − | {{Wikisource|Povijest Hrvatske I. (R. Horvat)/Ban Ivan Karlović}}
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| − | *Petar Grgec, ''Hrvatski Job šesnaestoga vijeka ban Ivan Karlović'', 1932, Hrv. knjiž. društvo sv. Jeronima, Zagreb
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| − | {{succession box | before=[[Petar Berislavić]] |
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| − | title = [[Ban of Croatia]] |
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| − | years=1521–1524| after=[[Ferenc Tahy|Janos Tahy]] }}
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| − | {{succession box | before=[[Ferenc Batthyány]] |
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| − | title = [[Ban of Croatia]] |
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| − | years=1527–1531| after=Simeon [[Erdődy]] }}
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| − | {{end box}}
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| − | {{Authority control}}
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| − | {{DEFAULTSORT:Karlovic, Ivan}}
| + | [[Kategoria:Banowie Dalmacji, Chorwacji i Slawonii]] |
| − | [[Category:Bans of Croatia]] | + | [[Kategoria:Chorwaccy szlachcice]] |
| − | [[Category:Croatian nobility]] | + | [[Kategoria:Rody]] |
| − | [[Category:Military commanders of Croatian kingdoms]] | + | [[Kategoria:Ród Kurjaković]] |
| − | [[Category:16th-century Croatian people]] | + | [[Kategoria:Urzędnicy Królestwa Węgier]] |
| − | [[Category:1531 deaths]] | + | [[Kategoria:Węgierscy dygnitarze historyczni]] |
| − | [[Category:1485 births]] | + | [[Kategoria:Węgierscy urzędnicy królewscy]] |
| | + | [[Kategoria:Urodzeni w 1485]] |
| | + | [[Kategoria:Urodzeni w XV wieku]] |
| | + | [[Kategoria:Zmarli w 1531]] |
| | + | [[Kategoria:Zmarli w XVI wieku]] |
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